Incorporating user values into housing design through indirect user participation using MEC-QFD model

- Value incorporation is essential for establishing quality housing.
- Applying user values facilitates consideration of human perception in housing design.
- Value incorporation accommodates indirect user participation.

This study aims to incorporate user values into housing design. Incorporating user values is essential for developing quality housing. Data was gathered in three stages using the Means-End Chain and Quality Function Deployment models. To identify the factors that create values, the MEC model was conducted using soft laddering interviews with 15 apartment occupants in Bushehr, Iran. Next, weight assessments were done for value creators. With data from the first phase, a hard laddering questionnaire survey of MEC was created and distributed among 150 respondents. Nine architects developed design strategies in a focus group discussion to establish the House of Quality of QFD based on responses. The developed strategies involved four main categories including Building Organizational Emphasis, Interior Design Emphasis, Exterior Design Emphasis, and Indoor Environmental Emphasis. The combination of MEC and QFD facilitates indirect user participation and fulfills person environment congruence.