The influence of traumatic brain injury on treatment outcomes of Concurrent Treatment for PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) in veterans

The present findings suggest that, although patients with a TBI history respond to treatment, their response to treatment was less so than that observed in patients without a TBI history. As such, identification, symptom monitoring, and treatment practices may require alteration and further special consideration in individuals with PTSD, SUD and TBI.