x-Folded TM: An efficient topology for interconnection networks

Massively parallel computers (MPCs) are currently being actively studied. Interconnection networks are used for the connection of a significant number of processors in such parallel systems because they are introduced as one of the key elements in parallel processing. Meshes, torus, and hypercubes were initially introduced as simple topologies of interconnection networks. At present, these have been replaced by more complicated topologies that also exhibit high performance. Because the diameter, average distance, and cost of topologies have a marked influence on network performance, this paper presents a novel topology called x-Folded TM, which is a TM topology that is folded according to the x  -axis. For an n×nn×n network, the diameter of an x-Folded TM is less than that of a TM and a torus, and the average distance of an x-Folded TM is less than that of a mesh, torus, and TM. Compared with mesh, torus, and TM networks, a Folded TM network presents reductions in the average distance, diameter, and cost, which accounts for its efficient performance. As observed from the presented simulation results, the performance of an x-Folded TM is similar to that of most torus networks and better than that of some torus networks. The results verify the effectiveness of the x-Folded TM network, as determined through its comparison with networks with other topologies.