Synthesis, characterization of hierarchical TS-1 and its catalytic performance for cyclohexanone ammoximation

• A hierarchical TS-1 with large open voids was prepared.
• The activity of hierarchical TS-1 obtained is excellent.
• Dissolution process starts from the defects in the crystal in the post-treatment.

A hierarchical titanium silicate (TS-1) that possesses large open voids has been prepared by using a dissolution/re-crystallization process. Carbon black was introduced as a hard template during the synthesis process to generate defects both inside and on the surface of crystals, then TPAOH post-treatment was applied, as a result, a novel TS-1 zeolite crystal with large open voids was successfully synthesized. The synthesized hierarchical TS-1 was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and N2 physisorption. Compared with the traditional TS-1 and hollow TS-1, the activity of hierarchical TS-1 in cyclohexanone ammoximation was improved and attributed to the macropores that linked the voids inside the zeolite directly to the outer surface.

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