Effect of pore-directing agents in SBA-15 nanoparticles on the performance of Nafion®/SBA-15n composite membranes for DMFC

Mesoporous SBA-15 nanoparticles of 2D hexagonal structure were loaded into Nafion membranes to form composite membranes, where the pore-directing agent P123 in the mesopores could assist proton transfer and reduce methanol permeability, so that the MEA assembled with the composite membranes containing as-made SBA-15 owned optimal power densities.394