Compensation of integrator time constants for electric field measurements

Rubinstein et al. (2012) [1] examined a method to compare electric fields from lightning discharges measured with analogue integrators of different time constants. The time constant distorts the waveforms and has to be corrected numerically. We have extended the work of Rubinstein et al. (2012) [1] by considering the antenna characteristics in the system equations. In this paper we focus on the compensation of the integrators time constant and present some cases and results after applying the method. Furthermore we discuss the importance of any existing offset errors. A simple approach for handling the offset will be presented. Examples and determination of continuing currents are given in section IV. Advantages of the compensation method are mentioned in the conclusion. Together with Appendix A (system equations) this paper can be seen as a reference to a profound understanding of the measurement methods of E-fields with flat plate antennas for lightning researchers.