Numerical investigation of the effects of hydrogen enrichment on combustion and emissions formation processes in a gasoline rotary engine

The study aims to numerically investigate the combustion and emissions formation processes in a spark-ignition rotary engine fueled with hydrogen-gasoline blends. The Renormalization Group k-ε turbulence coupled with a skeletal primary reference fuel mechanism were adopted to simulate the engine working process under 0%, 2% and 4% hydrogen volume fractions in CONVERGE software. The flow field variation and detailed combustion processes were analyzed and discussed. Results showed that a mainstream flow field along with the rotor movement was formed during the compression stroke and sustained in the combustion chamber until the exhaust valve opening. The center of the burned zone would move in same direction with the mainstream flow. Meanwhile, due to the effect of the mainstream flow, the flame propagation in direction of the mainstream flow was expedited. While the flame propagation in contrary direction was retarded, consequently, the unburned mixtures at rear region of combustion chamber suffered incomplete combustion. The distributions of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide emissions were also dominantly affected by the flow field in the combustion chamber. After hydrogen addition, the increased OH, H and O radicals concentrations combined with the intense flow flied accelerated the combustion process, which resulted in the improvement and advancement of in-cylinder pressure and temperature. Compared with original gasoline case, the peak in-cylinder pressure was increased by 9.1% and 13.7% with 2% and 4% hydrogen blends, respectively. With hydrogen enrichment, the increased in-cylinder temperature promoted the formation of nitric oxide emission. Besides, Carbon monoxide emission was decreased with the increase of hydrogen addition fraction.