Buruli Ulcer: A Journey to Unveiling its Mode of Transmission in Nigeria

The mode of transmission of Buruli ulcer (BU) is unknown. Insects were collected from BU endemic and non-endemic communities using sweep nets and light traps. Physicochemistry of water samples, hospital case files and focus group discussions were assessed. Insect species were more abundant (H1=1.204; 1.164) but less evenly spread (j= 0.33; 0.46) in BU than non-BU areas (P > 0.05) with mosquito species dominating (68.4%). Water pH was higher in BU than non-BU areas (P < 0.05). Infection was more in female children of school age. Community awareness on BU is currently increasing, and insect species may have role to play in BU spread.