A nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccine and the influence of particle size on its immunogenicity and efficacy

This work describes a novel strategy to enhance the immunogenicity of conjugate nicotine vaccines by using hybrid NPs as delivery vehicles. The work also suggests a method to improve the efficacy of NP-based nicotine vaccines by modulating the particle size. In vivo results indicate that a lipid-polymeric hybrid NP-based nicotine nanovaccine exhibits significantly higher immunogenicity than a conjugate nicotine vaccine, and that the 100 nm nanovaccine provided better immunogenicity and pharmacokinetic efficacy than the 500 nm nanovaccine. Overall, the findings suggest that a lipid-polymeric hybrid NP-based nicotine vaccine is a promising candidate to treat nicotine addiction.200