کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5038039 1370246 2016 8 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Phobias and Preparedness - Republished Article
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت پزشکی و دندانپزشکی روانپزشکی و بهداشت روانی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Phobias and Preparedness - Republished Article
چکیده انگلیسی

Some inadequacies of the classical conditioning analysis of phobias are discussed: phobias are highly resistant to extinction, whereas laboratory fear conditioning, unlike avoidance conditioning, extinguishes rapidly; phobias comprise a nonarbitrary and limited set of objects, whereas fear conditioning is thought to occur to an unlimited range of conditioned stimuli. Furthermore, phobias, unlike laboratory fear conditioning, are often acquired in one trial and seem quite resistant to change by "cognitive" means. An analysis of phobias using a more contemporary model of fear conditioning is proposed. In this view, phobias are seen as instances of highly "prepared" learning (Seligman, 1970). Such prepared learning is selective, highly resistant to extinction, probably noncognitive and can be acquired in one trial. A reconstruction of the notion of symbolism is suggested.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Behavior Therapy - Volume 47, Issue 5, September 2016, Pages 577-584
نویسندگان
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