کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5039234 1370323 2017 13 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Interference control at the response level: Functional networks reveal higher efficiency in the bilingual brain
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
کنترل تداخل در سطح پاسخ: شبکه های عملکردی نشان می دهد راندمان بالاتر در مغز دو زبانه
کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب شناختی
چکیده انگلیسی


- Neural bases of the Simon task in elderly bilinguals vs monolinguals.
- Functional connectivity analysis using a small-word approach.
- Bilinguals resolve visuospatial interference by allocating fewer regions.
- A global efficiency in task performance in bilinguals as compared to monolinguals.
- Results filter out the task-specific bilingual advantage.

The bilingual advantage in interference control tasks has been studied with the Simon task, among others. The mixed evidence from the existing studies has led to contradictions in the literature regarding the bilingual advantage. Moreover, fMRI evidence on the neural basis of interference control mechanisms with the Simon task is limited. Previous work by our team showed that equivalent performance on the Simon task was associated with different activation maps in elderly bilinguals and monolinguals. This study aims to provide a more in-depth perspective on the neural bases of performance on the Simon task in elderly bilinguals and monolinguals, by adopting a network perspective for the functional connectivity analysis. A node-by-node analysis led to the identification of the specific topology that characterized the bilingual and monolingual functional networks and the degree of connectivity between each node across groups. Results showed greater connectivity in bilinguals in the inferior temporal sulcus, which plays a role in visuospatial processing. On the other hand, in monolinguals, brain areas involved in visual, motor, executive functions and interference control were more connected to resolve the same task. In other words, in comparison to the monolingual brain, the bilingual brain resolves visuospatial interference economically, by allocating fewer and more clustered regions. These results demonstrate a larger global efficiency in task performance in bilinguals as compared to monolinguals. Also, the provided evidence filters out the task-specific so-called bilingual advantage discussed in the literature and posits that bilinguals are strategically more efficient in a given performance than monolinguals, thus enhancing our understanding of successful aging.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Neurolinguistics - Volume 43, Part A, August 2017, Pages 4-16
نویسندگان
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