کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5041443 1474099 2017 15 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Learning abstract visual concepts via probabilistic program induction in a Language of Thought
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
یادگیری مفاهیم بصری انتزاعی از طریق القای احتمالی برنامه در یک زبان فکر
کلمات کلیدی
یادگیری مفهوم، آموزش تصویری، زبان اندیشه، مدل سازی محاسباتی، آزمایش رفتاری،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب شناختی
چکیده انگلیسی

The ability to learn abstract concepts is a powerful component of human cognition. It has been argued that variable binding is the key element enabling this ability, but the computational aspects of variable binding remain poorly understood. Here, we address this shortcoming by formalizing the Hierarchical Language of Thought (HLOT) model of rule learning. Given a set of data items, the model uses Bayesian inference to infer a probability distribution over stochastic programs that implement variable binding. Because the model makes use of symbolic variables as well as Bayesian inference and programs with stochastic primitives, it combines many of the advantages of both symbolic and statistical approaches to cognitive modeling. To evaluate the model, we conducted an experiment in which human subjects viewed training items and then judged which test items belong to the same concept as the training items. We found that the HLOT model provides a close match to human generalization patterns, significantly outperforming two variants of the Generalized Context Model, one variant based on string similarity and the other based on visual similarity using features from a deep convolutional neural network. Additional results suggest that variable binding happens automatically, implying that binding operations do not add complexity to peoples' hypothesized rules. Overall, this work demonstrates that a cognitive model combining symbolic variables with Bayesian inference and stochastic program primitives provides a new perspective for understanding people's patterns of generalization.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Cognition - Volume 168, November 2017, Pages 320-334
نویسندگان
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