Biocapacity supply and demand in Northwestern China: A spatial appraisal of sustainability

► High heterogeneity of biocapacity and eco-footprint in Northwestern China. ► Low per-unit-area biocapacity supply in Northwestern China (0.48 gha/ha). ► The lowest region of biocapacity lies in between the Qaidam and Turpan Basins. ► A power-law relationship between population density and biocapacity supply.