Enhanced critical-sized bone defect repair efficiency by combining deproteinized antler cancellous bone and autologous BMSCs

The biomimetic multi-scale topography and chemical niches provided by calcinated antler cancellous bone (CACB) could not only promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) viability and favor cell attachment and spreading, but also drive them down an osteogenic lineage without osteogenic induction. Synergistic effect of autologous undifferentiated BMSCs and CACB enhanced new bone formation and angiogenesis when compared with implanted CACB alone in rabbit mandible critical-sized defect repair.