Optical and magnetic properties of La1−xGaxFeO3 nanoparticles synthesized by polymerization complex method

This figure shows the hysteresis loops of LaFeO3 and La0.6Ga0.4FeO3 nanoparticles with corresponding TEM images. Undoped sample exhibits antiferromagnetic behavior, whereas doped sample becomes ferromagnetic material. Particle sizes estimated by TEM are decreased from 70.2 ± 4.5 to 21.4 ± 8.5 nm with increasing Ga content. The decrease of particle size causes the disordering spins at the surface of particle which can induce a net magnetic moment and significantly enhance the magnetization (M), coercive field (Hc) and remanent magnetization (Mr).