High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of sulfidation of brass at the rubber/brass interface

► Chemical composition at the rubber/brass interface is investigated. ► The 2-min vulcanization reaction is enough to convert the interface composition. ► Five S-containing species are identified at the interface. ► Strong rubber-brass adhesion is related to the Cu2S/CuS ratio. ► Degradation of adhesion proceeds along with desulfidation of the interface.