Improving the photoluminescence properties of self-assembled InAs surface quantum dots by incorporation of antimony

► This study investigates the surfactant effect and segregation effect from InAs surface quantum dots (SQDs) by incorporating antimony (Sb) into the QD layers. ► The Sb surfactant effect can extend planar growth and suppress dot formation. ► Photoluminescence reveals an enhancement in the optical properties of InAs SQDs as the Sb BEPs increase. ► Transmission electron microscopy images demonstrate that Sb segregates close to the surface of the SQD.