Growth behavior of anodic oxide formed by aluminum anodizing in glutaric and its derivative acid electrolytes

- A thin barrier anodic oxide is formed by glutaric acid anodizing.
- A thick anodic porous alumina is formed by ketoglutaric acid anodizing.
- An anodic porous alumina is also formed by acetonedicarboxylic acid anodizing.
- Acid dissociation constants are an important factor for anodic porous alumina.