Pure and strong red photoluminescence from Na0.5Gd0.5TiO3: Eu ferroelectric thin films under ultraviolet light excitation

Cover illustration: A probable emission mechanism of NGT: Eu thin films at 283 nm excitation. (The strong energy absorption of NGT host through the transition from valence band to conduction band and efficient energy transfer to Eu3+ should be primarily responsible for the red intensive emissions.)175