Prospects and challenges of perovskite type transparent conductive oxides in photovoltaic applications. Part II - Synthesis and deposition

Perovskite structured materials are gaining recognisant due to some of its favorable properties. A perovskite can be made into a transparent conductive oxides (TCO) and with doped materials that reduce its resistivity while maintaining high transparency it. Perovskites can be synthesized in many methods, which are solid state reaction, sol-gel, pechini and hydrothermal methods. However, each of the methods does have their own set of drawbacks to consider. The deposition method of perovskite material onto its substrate is also important since there are also several film deposition methods available for a perovskite. The different methods of deposition on perovskite TCO as well as other deposition method that have yet seen were also explained in this paper. A perovskite-structured material as a TCO does have its challenges from synthesis stage through the deposition stage as well as attempts to improve their optoelectric properties and the issues were discussed at the end of this paper.