Energy related CO2 conversion and utilization: Advanced materials/nanomaterials, reaction mechanisms and technologies

Main approaches for carbon dioxide reduction [1,2]. (a) Controlling the polymorphism of CaCO3 to generate value-added mineral carbonation products [3]; 2 × 3 supercells (b) and EELS elemental mapping (c) of the core/shell Cu/SnO2 catalyst [4]; the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction on Pd-Ni nanoalloys (d) and EDX analysis (e) of this nanoalloys on fuel-electrode substrate [5]; 2D in-situ XRD map (f) and EDX analysis and corresponding STEM image (g) of 50Fe2O3/MgAl2O4 used in super-dry reforming of CH4 [6]; Artificial photosynthesis for HCOOH generation from CO2 (h) [7]; Behaviors of an oxygen vacancy defect (VO), a bridging hydroxyl (OHb) and an absorbed CO2 molecule on reduced TiO2 (110) surface (i) and STM image of this surface after CO2 adsorption (j) [8]. LT, Low-temperature, HT, High-temperature. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [3-8]. Copyright 2017 and 2017, American Chemical Society; Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V.; Copyright 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science; Copyright 2012 and 2011, American Chemical Society, respectively.484