Utilising periphytic algae as nutrient removal systems for the treatment of diffuse nutrient pollution in waterways

Current research indicates that such systems would have half the land requirements of a wetland treatment system for the same nitrogen removal rate as well as less capital costs and require only weeks to become fully established. PNRS have the added benefit of resource recovery for beneficial re-use for food, fertiliser, or biofuel. Further research is needed on the optimisation of PNRS design and operation to enhance performance. This research would help inform the adaption of PNRS to suit local climatic conditions, nutrient pollution type and level and treatment objectives.