Olive phenolic compounds attenuate deltamethrin-induced liver and kidney toxicity through regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis

- The administration of deltamethrin (DEM) to rats for 30 days induced hepato-renal toxicity.
- Olive fruit extract (OFE) and oleuropein (OLE) administration improved serum and liver biomarkers.
- OFE and OLE reduced the DEM-induced decrease in total antioxidant, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities.
- OFE and OLE improved the expression of cox-2, bcl-2 and p53 proteins in renal and hepatic tissues.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of ethanolic olive fruit extract (OFE) and its phenolic compound, oleuropein (OLE), against hepato-renal toxicity induced by deltamethrin (DEM), a synthetic pyrethroid, in Wistar rats. The kidney and liver tissues were collected after 30 days of treatment for subsequent investigation. Rats that were given DEM had a highly significant elevation in the serum biomarkers as well as hepatic and renal levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA). Additionally, a significant reduction in the total antioxidant capacity (ABTS+), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities was noted. This toxic effect was confirmed by histological studies and the expression levels of inflammatory (cox-2) and apoptotic genes (bcl-2 and p53). The findings for the OFE and OLEtreated groups highlighted the efficacy of olive fruit phenolic compounds as hepatic and renal-protectant in DEM-induced hepato-renal toxicity through improving the oxidative status as well as suppressing inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, they may be used as protective natural compounds against DEM-induced hepato-renal toxicity.

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