Calcium signalling induced by in vitro exposure to silicium dioxide nanoparticles in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells

- SiO2 nanoparticles induced a Ca2+ signal in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
- SiO2 nanoparticles induced the proliferation of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
- This rise in Ca2+ was greater in arterial cells from rat suffering from pulmonary hypertension.
- This Ca2+ rise might occur, at least in part, through Transient Receptor potential channels.

The development and use of nanomaterials, especially engineered nanoparticles (NP), is expected to provide many benefits. But at the same time the development of such materials is also feared because of their potential human health risks. Indeed, NP display some characteristics similar to ultrafine environmental particles which are known to exert deleterious cardiovascular effects including pro-hypertensive ones. In this context, the effect of NP on calcium signalling, whose deregulation is often involved in hypertensive diseases, remain poorly described. We thus assessed the effect of SiO2 NP on calcium signalling by fluorescence imaging and on the proliferation response in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC).In PASMC, acute exposure to SiO2 NP, from 1 to 500 μg/mL, produced an increase of the [Ca2+]i. In addition, when PASMC were exposed to NP at 200 μg/mL, a proliferative response was observed. This calcium increase was even greater in PASMC isolated from rats suffering from pulmonary hypertension. The absence of extracellular calcium, addition of diltiazem or nicardipine (L-type voltage-operated calcium channel inhibitors both used at 10 μM), and addition of capsazepine or HC067047 (TRPV1 and TRPV4 inhibitors used at 10 μM and 5 μM, respectively) significantly reduced this response. Moreover, this response was also inhibited by thapsigargin (SERCA inhibitor, 1 μM), ryanodine (100 μM) and dantrolene (ryanodine receptor antagonists, 10 μM) but not by xestospongin C (IP3 receptor antagonist, 10 μM).Thus, NP induce an intracellular calcium rise in rat PASMC originating from both extracellular and intracellular calcium sources. This study also provides evidence for the implication of TRPV channels in NP induced calcium rise that may highlight the role of these channels in the deleterious cardiovascular effects of NP.