Choice of contraceptive methods by women's status: Evidence from large-scale microdata in Nepal

- We analyzed how improvement in women's status affects contraceptive choice in Nepal.
- Multinomial logit models and large-scale microdata are applied for the analysis.
- Improvement of women's status changed their contraceptive behaviors.
- For the well-educated women, condoms are more popular choice than sterilization.
- Women with fear of partners are more likely to choose sterilization than condoms.

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate how improvement in women's status affects the choice of contraceptive methods in Nepal.Study designWe regressed the choice of contraceptive methods on women's status and other controlling variables by employing large-scale microdata representing over 12,000 married women aged 15-49 years in Nepal. Years of schooling and literacy were defined as women's status variables. We estimated how educational attainment affects the choice of contraceptive methods. We also analyzed how fear of their partners affected women's choices.ResultsFemale sterilization was the most common choice among the contraceptive methods (25.5% of contraceptive users) in Nepal, followed by injections (19.9%). However, our estimation results showed that these options change with an improvement in women's status. An additional year of education increased the probability that women would choose condoms by 1.2 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7, 1.6) and decreased the probability of choosing female sterilization by 1.4 percentage points (95% CI: −1.9, −0.8). For the well-educated women, injections and condoms became the first and second choices (29.5% and 21.5%), respectively, while female sterilization was the third option (17.9%) for contraceptive methods. Women's fear of their partners also affected the choice of contraceptive methods. The women who feared their partners were 7.0 percentage points more likely to choose female sterilization than condoms.ConclusionImprovement in women's status (more education and less fear of their partners) changed their contraceptive behaviors by increasing the probability of choosing condoms and decreasing the probability of choosing female sterilization in Nepal.