Frequency offset estimation for GSM and EDGE

A low complexity method for estimating the frequency offset in global system mobile (GSM) and enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE) is proposed. The method is based on minimising a suitable least squares (LS) metric utilising both the pilot (training) and tail symbols available in GSM and EDGE. It is shown that the tail symbols are important in estimating frequency offset even though they are few relative to the pilot (training) symbols. Via computer simulation it is shown that overall performance compares favourably to standard methods for estimating the frequency offset in GSM such as the method by Luise and Regiannini (L&R).