Galapagos indicator of El Niño using monthly SST from NASA Giovanni system

One geographical point could be sufficient to track El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This paper describes an approach to such tracking based on environmental modeling of sea surface temperature (SST). The key model of the approach is the most anomalous indicator of SST as a point near Isabella Island, Galapagos. This point can be computed using monthly SST data from NASA Giovanni system. Comparison with most popular indices demonstrates that such Galapagos indicator can clear indicate both El Niño and La Niña events.