Treating normal early gestation placentae with preeclamptic sera produces extracellular micro and nano vesicles that activate endothelial cells

Our data demonstrate that preeclamptic sera produce toxic/dangerous micro- and nano-placental EVs which activated endothelial cells. This effect was reversed by antihypertensives. The increased levels of HMGB1 in EVs may contribute to endothelial cell activation.