Factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with antiphospholipid syndrome: A multicenter study

- LDA + UFH therapy decreased the risk of pregnancy loss in APS women.
- A history of pregnancy loss despite LDA + UFH increased the risk of pregnancy loss.
- LDA therapy prior to pregnancy decreased the risk of premature delivery.
- Positive tests for two or more aPLs related to premature delivery and thrombocytopenia.
- Low complements increased the risk of hypertenive disorder of pregnancy.

The aim of this study was to understand the clinical features of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)-complicated pregnancies and evaluate risk factors for the adverse pregnancy outcomes. This multicenter study evaluated live-birth rates according to therapy modality for APS and risk factors of pregnancy loss in 81 pregnancies. Risk factors for pregnancy complications, including premature delivery before 34 gestational weeks, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, thrombocytopenia, and light-for-date neonate, were evaluated in 51 women who received low dose aspirin (LDA) plus unfractionated heparin (UFH) and delivered after 24 GW. The live-birth rate in APS pregnancies with LDA + UFH therapy was 92.6%. A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that LDA + UFH therapy decreased the risk of pregnancy loss (OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.03-0.62), and that a history of pregnancy loss despite LDA + UFH therapy increased the risk of pregnancy loss (OR 8.74, 95%CI 1.69-45.2). LDA therapy prior to pregnancy decreased the risk of premature delivery (OR 0.14, 95%CI 0.03-0.69). Positive tests for two or more anti-phospholipid antibodies increased the risks of premature delivery (OR 9.61, 95%CI 1.78-51.8) and thrombocytopenia (OR 4.90, 95%CI 1.11-21.7). Laboratory findings of low complements increased the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR 12.1, 95%CI 1.61-91.0). Standard therapy yielded high live-birth rates. Positive tests for two or more anti-phospholipid antibodies and low complements were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. These results have important implications for clinicians.