Increased internal femoral torsion can be regarded as a risk factor for patellar instability - A biomechanical study

In a native medial patellofemoral ligament, 20° of increased internal femoral torsion can be regarded as a significant risk factor for patellar instability. With an insufficient medial patellofemoral ligament, 10° of increased internal femoral torsion already represents a significant risk factor.