Thoracic outlet syndrome after the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum: Is it a rare complication?

A considerable percentage of adult patients develop thoracic outlet syndrome after the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum. Maturity of the thoracic wall, femininity, severity of the deformity (represented by greater Haller indices), and placement of correction bars at superior intercostal spaces are risk factors for postoperative thoracic outlet syndrome.