Symposium: neurologyDevelopmental regression: assessment and investigation

Developmental regression, the progressive loss of previously acquired skills, is a concerning presentation in children, as it may suggest serious underlying pathology. It can affect all ages and has a wide range of presentations. Being able to establish whether there is true progressive neurological deterioration is therefore an important skill for clinicians. In this review we will discuss a practical approach to the consultation with the child suspected to have regression, including what to ask in the history and key points on examination. We will then provide an overview of the main neurological causes for developmental regression, before reviewing the relevant investigations which should be considered.