Fluid evolution and ore genesis of the giant Sanshandao gold deposit, Jiaodong gold province, China: Constrains from geology, fluid inclusions and H-O-S-He-Ar isotopic compositions

Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopic analyses for quartz from different ore-forming stages show that the ore-forming fluids are of magmatic origin, with gradual incorporation of meteoric water during/after mineralization. δ34S values of pyrite from different ore-forming stages vary between 1.9‰ and 11.9‰. 3He/4He ratios of fluid inclusions in the middle-stage pyrite mainly range from 0.14 to 2.94 Ra, while it is from 675.10 to 5926.44 for 40Ar/36Ar. All these isotopic signatures suggest that the ore fluids could be derived from a combination of crustal and mantle components.