کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
575867 | 1453062 | 2015 | 10 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Occupational exposure to nanoparticles at commercial photocopy centers
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
قرار گرفتن در معرض نانو ذرات شغلی در مراکز فتوکپی تجاری
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
بهداشت و امنیت شیمی
چکیده انگلیسی
Photocopiers emit high levels of nanoparticles (PM0.1). To-date little is known of physicochemical composition of PM0.1 in real workplace settings. Here we perform a comprehensive physicochemical and morphological characterization of PM0.1 and raw materials (toners and paper) at eight commercial photocopy centers that use color and monochrome photocopiers over the course of a full week. We document high PM0.1 exposures with complex composition and several ENM in toners and PM0.1. Daily geometric mean PM0.1 concentrations ranged from 3700 to 34000 particles/cubic-centimeter (particles/cm3) (GSD 1.4-3.3), up to 12 times greater than background, with transient peaks >1.4 million particles/cm3. PM0.1 contained 6-63% organic carbon, <1% elemental carbon, and 2-8% metals, including iron, zinc, titania, chromium, nickel and manganese, typically in the <0.01-1% range, and in agreement with toner composition. These findings document widespread ENM in toner formulations and high nanoparticle exposures are an industry-wide phenomenon. It further calls attention to the need to substantially redesign the interface of this technology with workers and consumers.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Hazardous Materials - Volume 298, 15 November 2015, Pages 351-360
Journal: Journal of Hazardous Materials - Volume 298, 15 November 2015, Pages 351-360
نویسندگان
John Martin, Dhimiter Bello, Kristin Bunker, Martin Shafer, David Christiani, Susan Woskie, Philip Demokritou,