Dephytinization of seed coat matter of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) by Lactobacillus pentosus CFR3 to improve zinc bioavailability

- Finger millet seed coat matter (SCM) is a byproduct of millet milling.
- SCM is rich in minerals but also contain phytate.
- SCM was fermented with phytase-active Lactobacillus pentosus CFR3.
- Reduction in phytate and increase in zinc bioaccessibility was noted.
- Dephytinized SCM may be used as food ingredients.

Finger millet seed coat matter (SCM) is a rich source of dietary fiber, calcium, iron and zinc (Zn). However, the bioavailability of minerals especially Zn is limited as it occurs as insoluble complexes with phytate. This study envisages the potential of phytase-active Lactobacillus pentosus CFR3 to dephytinize SCM derived from native (non-processed), malted and hydrothermally treated finger millets with an expectation to improve its Zn bioavailability. After 24 h fermentation, the phytate in native, malted and hydrothermally treated SCM reduced to 56.70%, 66.65% and 87.85% respectively. Correspondingly, Phytate/Zn molar ratios decreased to 18.20, 19.20 and 22.32 indicating improved Zn bioavailability. Also, Zn bioaccessibility from native, malted and hydrothermally treated SCM increased to 28.40%, 34.57% and 12.10% as determined by in vitro dialyzability experiments following 24 h fermentation. Therefore, fermentation of SCM with L. pentosus CFR3 represents a safe and feasible solution to counteract the effects of phytate on Zn absorption.