کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5779443 | 1634428 | 2017 | 7 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The Winter Model - A new way to calculate socio-economic costs depending on winter maintenance strategy
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
علوم زمین و سیارات
علوم زمین و سیاره ای (عمومی)
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چکیده انگلیسی
As an example of how costs can vary: the scenario is a salted road using a combined plough and salt spreader where the allowed time to complete the action is 4Â h that is changed to an unsalted road with an allowed time to complete the action of 5Â h. Both scenarios have an action start criteria of 2Â cm deep snow, and an annual average daily traffic flow of 2000. Comparison results show that the change from salted to unsalted road saves the most cost due to a reduction in salt use and required actions. However, the increased time to complete the action will result in slightly longer travel times and accident costs will increase by 24.2%. The extended action hour affect fuel consumption in a positive way, for example, consumption decreases slightly due to driving more often at lower speeds on unclear roads. By lowering the road classification standard like in this example, total socio-economic costs increased by 3.5%.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Cold Regions Science and Technology - Volume 136, April 2017, Pages 30-36
Journal: Cold Regions Science and Technology - Volume 136, April 2017, Pages 30-36
نویسندگان
Anna K. Arvidsson,