Correlating the structure and composition of ionic liquids with their toxicity on Vibrio fischeri: A systematic study

► Toxicities of 54 ionic liquids containing various cations and anions was studied. ► Toxicity can be correlated with the total number of carbons of the cation. ► MCA analysis allowed us to find parameters influencing toxicities of ionic liquids. ► Several hydrophilic and hydrophobic ionic liquids with low toxicity were found.