Influence of calcium hydroxide on the fate of perfluorooctanesulfonate under thermal conditions

► Calcium hydroxide strongly influences the fate of PFOS under thermal conditions. ► The XRD pattern of PFOS compound is also first presented via this paper. ► Quantitative XRD analysis successfully provides the fluorine incorporation efficiency. ► Fate and transport of PFCs during sludge thermal treatment can be similarly.evaluated.