Screening evaluation of the ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of soils contaminated with organic and inorganic nanoparticles: The role of ageing

► In general ageing decreases toxicity/genotoxicity of soil spiked with aqueous suspensions of NMs. ► Ageing may promote degradation of organic shells of metallic NPs increasing toxicity. ► Toxicity was recorded despite aggregation of NPs in the aqueous suspensions. ► Soils spiked with Au nanorods, quantum dots, TiSiO4 induced mutations in Salmonella typhimurium.