کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
584978 | 877902 | 2007 | 6 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Incineration of municipal and assimilated wastes in France: Assessment of latest energy and material recovery performances
دانلود مقاله + سفارش ترجمه
دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی
رایگان برای ایرانیان
کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
بهداشت و امنیت شیمی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Incineration of municipal and assimilated wastes in France: Assessment of latest energy and material recovery performances Incineration of municipal and assimilated wastes in France: Assessment of latest energy and material recovery performances](/preview/png/584978.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
Incineration has an important place in waste management in France. In 2003, around 130 incineration plants have treated 12.6Â Mt of non-dangerous waste, mainly composed of household waste (10.8Â Mt), non-dangerous waste from industry, business, services (1.0Â Mt), sewage sludge (0.2Â Mt) or clinical waste (0.1Â Mt). The incineration of these wastes generated 3.0Â Mt of bottom ash of which 2.3Â Mt were used for roads construction and 0.2Â Mt of ferrous and non-ferrous metal were recycled. It also produced 2Â 900Â 000Â MWh of electricity, of which 2Â 200Â 000Â MWh were sold to Electricité de France (EDF) and 9Â 100Â 000Â MWh of heat, of which 7Â 200Â 000Â MWh were sold to private or public users. These French incinerators of non-hazardous waste are currently being thoroughly modernized, thus making possible the consolidation and the enhancement of their environmental and energy performance. This process is related to the implementation of the European Directive 2000/76/CE whose expiration date is 28 December 2005. Upon request of ADEME, the engineering company GIRUS has realised the first technical and economical evaluation of works necessary to bring incinerators into compliance. The financial estimations, carried out in 30 June 2003, show that the investments to be devoted could reach 750 million euros. This assessment shed new light on the situation of non-hazardous waste incinerators, including an identification and a rank ordering for each incinerator of the most frequent and the most complex non-conformities to be solved in term of cost and delay. At last, this assessment gives the solutions for each non-compliance.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Hazardous Materials - Volume 139, Issue 3, 31 January 2007, Pages 569-574
Journal: Journal of Hazardous Materials - Volume 139, Issue 3, 31 January 2007, Pages 569-574
نویسندگان
Erwan Autret, Francine Berthier, Audrey Luszezanec, Florence Nicolas,