Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis and non-canonical autophagy by luteolin in NCI-H460 lung carcinoma cells

► Luteolin modulates both the extrinsic- and intrinsic-apoptotic pathways. ► Luteolin triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis. ► Luteolin induces Beclin-1-independent autophagy as a death mechanism.