Urinary ochratoxin A and ochratoxin alpha in pregnant women

► Urinary levels of ochratoxin A and its metabolite ochratoxin alpha in pregnant women. ► Ochratoxin A daily dietary intake significantly below tolerable levels. ► Median concentration of ochratoxin alpha increased 7.4-fold following enzymatic hydrolysis of conjugates. ► Possible upregulation of ochratoxin A detoxification and/or elimination in pregnancy.