The effects of chronic aluminum exposure on learning and memory of rats by observing the changes of Ras/Raf/ERK signal transduction pathway

► Aluminum is an abundant element and can enter into human body through food and water. ► Al has been reported to be related to many neurological disorders. ► Ras/Raf/ERK signal transduction has been related to learning and memory. ► Al can enter body cells. ► There has been no many research in the influence of Al in Ras/Raf/ERK pathway.