Chronic high fat, high cholesterol supplementation decreases 18Â kDa Translocator Protein binding capacity in association with increased oxidative stress in rat liver and aorta

It is well known that high fat and high cholesterol levels present a contributing factor to pathologies including fatty liver and atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is also considered to play a role in these pathologies. The 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO), formerly known as the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is known to be involved in cholesterol metabolism, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular pathology. We applied a high fat high cholesterol atherogenic (HFHC) diet to rats to study correlations between cardiovascular and liver pathology, oxidative stress, and TSPO expression in the liver and the cardiovascular system. This study corroborates the presence of increased oxidative stress markers and decreased anti-oxidants in liver and aorta. In addition, it appeared that induction of oxidative stress in the liver and aorta by atherogenic HFHC diet was accompanied by a reduction in TSPO binding density in both these tissues. Our data suggest that involvement of TSPO in oxidative stress and ROS generation, as reported in other studies, may also take part in atherogenesis as induced by HFHC diet. Presently, it is not clear whether this TSPO response is compensatory for the stress induced by HFHC diet or is a participant in the induction of oxidative stress.