Effect of Upper Thoracic Manipulation on Mouth Opening and Electromyographic Activity of Masticatory Muscles in Women With Temporomandibular Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial

In the present study, no significant differences were found regarding VMO between the experimental and placebo groups or among the different evaluations times in each group. Moreover, Cohen d test revealed no clinical effect of the technique. Therefore, based upon the findings of this study, manipulation administered to the T1 vertebral area appears to have no effect on VMO and electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles in women with TMD.