Significantly upregulated TACSTD2 and Cyclin D1 correlate with poor prognosis of invasive ductal breast cancer

The tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2) gene has been reported to be highly expressed in many types of human epithelial cancers, and is associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis. The aims of the present investigation were to analyze the TACSTD2 and Cyclin D1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels and to assess its prognostic significance in invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC). The expressions of TACSTD2 and Cyclin D1 in IDC tissues were consistently higher than those in the tumor-adjacent non-malignant tissues by a one-step real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry (P < 0.001 and P = 0.023, respectively). The statistical analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics and immunohistochemistry by the χ2 test showed that the high expression of TACSTD2 in IDC was correlated to histological grade (P = 0.023), P53 status (P = 0.042), Cyclin D1 status (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P = 0.004) and TNM staging (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognosis of IDC. These analyses also showed that a high TACSTD2 expression (P = 0.003), a high Cyclin D1 expression (P = 0.041), and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.006) were independent prognosis factors. Collectively, our studies demonstrated that the high expression of TACSTD2 correlates with a poor prognosis in IDC.

Highlights► The prognostic potential of TACSTD2 and Cyclin D1 was evaluated in IDC. ► High expression of TACSTD2 in IDC was related to Cyclin D1 status. ► TACSTD2, Cyclin D1 and lymph node metastasis were independent prognosis factors. ► TACSTD2 and Cyclin D1 correlate with lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival.