Correlation between diabetic retinopathy severity and elevated skin autofluorescence as a marker of advanced glycation end-product accumulation in type 2 diabetic patients

Skin AF levels, which can be measured non-invasively on a screening basis without skin biopsy or blood sampling, have a greater predictive ability for the presence and severity of DR than single measurement of HbA1c or self-assessed DM duration in patients with type 2 DM.