Spatial and temporal reconstruction of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 dispersion in Italy

► Phylogenetic analysis of bovine viral diarrhea virus in an endemic area. ► A total of 85 BVDV highly genetically heterogeneous Italian isolates were analyzed. ► A Bayesian phylodynamic and phylogeographic approach was employed. ► Infection entered larger animal population and dispersed through commercial-flow. ► A possible gravity-like model could be hypothesized.