European 1: A globally important clonal complex of Mycobacterium bovis

► A globally important clonal complex of M. bovis has been identified and named European 1 (Eu1). ► This group of strains is common in the British Isles, The New World, as well as former colonies and trading partners of the UK. ► The global distribution of these strains suggests a complex history involving historically recent International trade in cattle. ► It is suggested that Hereford cattle, bred in the UK in the 18th century, could provide an excellent vehicle for the global distribution of this clonal complex of M. bovis.