Tramps, narrow endemics and morphologically cryptic species in the epiphyllous liverwort Diplasiolejeunea

► First global phylogeny of an epiphyllous liverwort genus, Diplasiolejeunea. ► Molecular phylogenies are not congruent with current supraspecific classifications. ► Topologies support a deep split into a Neotropical and a Paleotropical clade. ► Paleotropical clade structured into Australasian, Asian and Afromadacascan lineages. ► Evidence for speciation along altitudinal gradients and pantropical species ranges.